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The junkyard tornado is an argument used to deride the probability of both abiogenesis and the evolution of higher lifeforms as comparable to "the chance that a tornado sweeping through a junkyard might assemble a Boeing 747." It was used originally by Fred Hoyle's statistical analysis applied to evolutionary origins, but similar observations predate Hoyle and have been found all the way back to Darwin's time.〔〔A similar argument goes back at least to Cicero's De Natura Deorum 2.37〕 While Hoyle himself was an atheist, the argument has since become a mainstay of creationist and intelligent design criticisms of evolution. This argument is rejected by the vast majority of biologists. From the modern evolutionary standpoint, while the odds of the sudden construction of higher lifeforms are indeed improbably remote, evolution proceeds in many smaller stages over a long period of time. The transition as a whole is plausible, as each step improves survivability; the 747 is not constructed in one single unlikely event, as the junkyard tornado posits. ==Hoyle's statement== According to Hoyle's analysis, the probability of cellular life evolving was about one-in-1040,000.〔 The Boeing 747 metaphor is reported in Nature, 294 (1981), p.10〕 He commented: This is a reflection of his stance reported elsewhere: Hoyle used this to argue in favor of panspermia, that the origin of life on earth had come from preexisting life in space. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Junkyard tornado」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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